8/30/2023 0 Comments High voltage digital isolator![]() Isolator component standards define the safety-limiting values as the maximum input or output current (IS), the maximum input or output power (PS), and the maximum junction temperature (TS) the device can withstand in the event of a fault without compromising its isolation, even if the function of the coupling elements may be destroyed. ![]() The practice of safety limiting is designed to minimize potential damage to the isolation barrier should the isolator’s input or output circuitry fail. The effects of any faults in and around the digital isolator that may reduce the isolator’s insulation capability must be considered to avoid the effects of shorting DC- to earth. ![]() For example, in Figure 3, a digital isolator protects the earthed control and communications module while the rest of the system floats. This is because damage to the isolation barrier can lead to secondary system failures, or the risk of an electrical hazard. Figure 3 – Failure of the digital isolator providing protective isolation in an AC motor drive could compromise the entire system if the fault resulted in a short to earthįrom the end-system perspective, isolation requirements may need to remain in force even after electrical and thermal stress events have impeded the isolator’s signal-transference operation. The TI white paper, “Understanding failure modes in isolators,” discusses the effects of these fault events in more detail. Such structural damage can reduce the isolator’s insulation capability. If there is enough power dissipated in the chip, there could also be significant structural damage to the circuits, such as fused silicone insulation, shorted high-voltage capacitor plates, or melted bond wires. For example, events like short circuits, electrostatic discharge (ESD), and power transistor breakdown can force unintended high voltage and current into the isolator’s pins, damaging LEDs, photodetectors, transmit and receive circuits, and on-chip ESD protection. Vishay Unveils BiSy 2-Line ESD Protection Diode Also Read Figure 2 -The digital isolator cross section shows how fault conditions can affect its insulating propertiesĪ high-voltage/high-current/high-power fault event on one side of the isolator can damage the circuits on that side.
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